In 2008, I completed a PhD in European Studies at the University of Cambridge (Trinity Hall & Centre of International Studies). Here is the abstract to my dissertation (the whole text is available on request), followed by an academic CV summarising my publications and my involvement with Sport&EU.
PhD abstract
Identity, Sport & the Press in Europe after the Bosman Ruling (1995)
The thesis investigates the claim frequently made by journalists, football governing bodies, and even politicians, that the growing number of foreign players in football clubs (a consequence of the 1995 Bosman ruling of the ECJ) hinders support to the clubs. The thesis therefore analyses whether the means through which football supporters’ identify with their club have been affected by the inclusion of players deemed ‘foreign’.
Three cases are studied: Glasgow (Celtic and Rangers); Paris Saint-Germain; Arsenal (London). The press provides the major focus for the research. Its study was triangulated with interviews and written material produced by the supporters themselves.
The study shows that the ‘foreign invasion’ of football clubs has not alienated supporters from their sport as, for the most dedicated supporters, club football represents a local identity rather than a national one. A ‘national’ player not originally from the club’s area (such as an Essex boy in Highbury), is thus not considered so strongly to be ‘one of us’ by those supporters as a foreign player can be if he represents one of the minorities in the club’s neighbourhood (as in the North African population of Paris).
From a theoretical perspective, the thesis confirms the view that supporters still identify through means such as team composition, but also the personality of the players, the style of play and emblems (the colours, the jersey or logo of the club) as acknowledged in the works of Bromberger, Sonntag or Mignon. But additionally, this thesis shows that these factors can adapt to changing contexts, that they can take on new meanings or that an (obsolete) means of identification can be replaced by another, be it an old one which becomes more important or a newly constructed one.
The thesis suggests that new factors that maintain or bring supporters to the club need therefore to be considered. These, aside from players, include figures who embody continuity such as managers, presidents or former stars returning to take up administrative or coaching positions. Supporters themselves, especially those organised in groups, provide another means of attracting new supporters and strengthening their identification with the club, support, i.e., is partly self-perpetuating. The names such groups of supporters give themselves, give to others or receive from the press are also important in terms of carrying an identity and prompting identification.
As the prime medium through which collective identities are produced, the press has revealed the salience of different issues surrounding football and identity in the three countries: sectarianism in Glasgow; a hidden xenophobia in England; and an anti-Parisian feeling in France. Nevertheless, the press plays a rather limited role in actually prompting or discouraging identification: newspapers are reviled by supporters of clubs that are negatively portrayed; for the most part, they reinforce existing identification in the case of clubs on which they report favourably.
Conversely, symbols interact in complex ways: they express positively the identity of the club supported, or negatively the identity of rival clubs (for example, Celtic’s style is often deemed to be ‘foreign’ in Scotland). They are factors of identification, but also of exclusion. More importantly, the thesis shows an important aspect of symbols, hitherto unstudied, that they change roles over time and in varying contexts, passively expressing the identity of the club, or actively encouraging identification.
Academic CV
2008: PhD in European Studies, University of Cambridge
Co-founder of « Sport&EU », The Association for the Study of Sport and the European Union
Publications
* 2007: David RANC. ‘Vectors of Identification and Markers of Identity in Contemporary European Football’, p. 196-205, Sport and the Construction of Identities (ed: Bettina KRATZMÜLLER; Matthias MARSCHIK; Rudolf MÜLLNER; Hubert D. SZEMETHY; Elisabeth TRINKL). Vienna: Verlag Turia & Kant, 2007. ISBN: 978-3-85132-494-5
* 2007: David RANC. ‘Cambridge vs Oxford : le Varsity Match entre histoire et actualité’, p.145-159 (vol 2), La Planète est Rugby (ed: Jean-Yves GUILLAIN; Patrick PORTE).
Paris: Atlantica & Musée National du Sport, 2007. 2 vol: 389 & 393 p. ISBN: 978-2-7588-0052-1
* 2007: David RANC. ‘Le Paris Saint Germain dans la presse quotidienne française : une relation tripartite ambiguë ’, p.323 340, Sport et presse écrite en France au XXe siècle (ed: Evelyne COMBEAU-MARI). Paris: Le Publieur (Bibliothèque Universitaire Francophone), 2007. 431p. ISBN: 978-2-350610108
* 2004: David RANC. ‘Review of “Sport law and policy in the European Union” by Richard Parrish’, p.62 63, Journal of European Affairs. May 2004: Volume 2, Number 2.
Under press
* 2009: David RANC. ‘The impact of EU sports regulation on supporters’,
Professional Sport in the European Union: Regulation, Re-regulation and Representation (ed: Simon GARDINER, Richard PARRISH & Rob SIEKMANN). TMC Asser Press and Cambridge University Press, 2008.
* 2009: David RANC. ‘L'impact international des politiques sportives nationales et régionales’, Sports et Relations Internationales. Paris: Institut Français des Relations Internationales, 2008.
* 2009: David RANC. ‘France and French Football’, The Europeanisation of Football
(ed: Wyn GRANT, Arne NIEMANN & Borja GARCÌA). Manchester University Press, 2009.
* 2009 : David RANC. ‘Local politics, identity and football in Paris
’, Modern and Contemporary France, 2009.
Conference organisation
* 2008: Co-organiser (with Dr Hugh Dauncey) of the 16th conference of the French Media Research Group at the University of Newcastle on 'Sport and Media in France’
* 2006: Co-organiser (with Borja Garcìa & An Veermersch) of the first workshop of Sport&EU at the University of Loughborough on ‘Sport and the European Union 10 years after Bosman: situation and perspectives’
Communications
* 2008: ‘Sport Supporters as Stakeholders in the Arnaut Report and the White Paper on Sport’, 38th UACES Annual Conference, Edinburgh
* 2008: ‘People’s Europe: European Football Clubs between Local and Transnational Loyalties’, 38th UACES Annual Conference, Edinburgh
* 2008: ‘Studying Football Supporters: The Relevance to Politics and European Studies’, seminar, Loughborough University, Department of Politics, International Relations and European Studies
* 2008: ‘Le PSG et la presse française’, REDESP, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (Paris)
* 2008: ‘Le PSG et la presse française’, REDESP, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (Paris)
* 2007: ‘Paris Saint-Germain: the club of the capital or a local club?’, ASMCF conference, Reading University
* 2007: ‘Local politics and football in Paris’, 57th Political Studies Association Annual Conference, Bath University
* 2006: ‘Vectors of identification and markers of identity in contemporary European football’,
XIth international congress of CESH (European Committee for Sport History), University of Vienna
* 2006: ‘Comprendre le sport au Royaume Uni: fractionnement et hiérarchie’,
Research Group ‘Sport, cultures et societies in Europe in the XXth century’, Sciences-Po (Paris)
* 2006: ‘Local politics, identity and football in Paris’, ECPR Joint Sessions of Workshops, Nicosia, Cyprus
* 2005: ‘Marqueurs d’identité dans le football: une comparaison des cas de Paris et Glasgow’, Université Libre de Bruxelles: European Studies Institute
* 2005: ‘Europeanising the game: the impact of “Bosman” on the identity of football clubs’, Oxford University: UACES student forum, 6th Annual conference
* 2005: ‘A PhD on Football’, McMenemy Seminars, University of Cambridge: Trinity Hall
* 2004: ‘Identity and football support in Europe after 1995’,
Research Group ‘Sport, cultures et societies in Europe in the XXth century’, Sciences-Po (Paris)
* 2004: ‘The quest for and the construction of a European identity: the case of Association Football’, 8th graduate conference of the CGES, Georgetown University (Washington DC, USA)
Awards
* 2006: « Michele Diana » Young Scholars award from the CESH
(European Committee for Sports History)
* 2005-2006: Award from the Fondation Wiener Anspach
* 2002-2005: PhD studentship given by Trinity Hall
* 2000-2001: Award from the Cambridge European Trust
Academic and teaching experience
* 2006, 2007: Photography teacher for Oxbridge Academic Programs (160 hours of teaching)
* 2005-2006: Guest researcher at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (1 year)
* 2005: Co-founder of Sport&EU, association promoting the study of European sports policies and which has managed to attract in excess of 140 members (academics and practitioners), organised three conferences, published five newsletters and developed parternships with the International Sports Law Journal and Asser International Sports Law Centre
* 2002-2007: French tuition for native French and English speakers (Paris, Cambridge, Brussels)
* 2000-2001: Supervisions in French, University of Cambridge (Trinity Hall)
Education
* 2008: University ofCambridge (Trinity Hall) – PhD in International Studies
* 2001: University ofCambridge (Trinity Hall) – MPhil in European Studies
* 2000: Sciences-Po (Paris) – MA in Civil administration
* 1997: BA in History, Université de Paris X-Nanterre